10-Q

PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

Loar Holdings Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited, in thousands except share amounts)


	September 30, 2025			December 31, 2024
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	98,955		$	54,066
Accounts receivable, net		78,571			63,834
Inventories		105,471			92,639
Other current assets		10,891			9,499
Income taxes receivable		1,588			632
Total current assets		295,476			220,670
Property, plant and equipment, net		78,107			76,605
Finance lease assets		1,963			2,171
Operating lease assets		5,856			5,584
Other long-term assets		22,604			17,389
Intangible assets, net		424,459			434,662
Goodwill		705,581			693,537
Total assets	$	1,534,046		$	1,450,618

Liabilities and equity
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	17,653		$	12,086
Current portion of finance lease liabilities		261			232
Current portion of operating lease liabilities		699			603
Income taxes payable		2,622			1,984
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		28,648			26,901
Total current liabilities		49,883			41,806
Deferred income taxes		34,361			32,892
Long-term debt, net		279,357			277,293
Finance lease liabilities		2,967			3,170
Operating lease liabilities		5,347			5,136
Other long-term liabilities		1,935			1,816
Total liabilities		373,850			362,113

Commitments and contingencies

Equity:
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 1,000,000 shares authorized, and no shares issued or outstanding		—			—
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 485,000,000 shares authorized; 93,622,471 and 93,556,071 issued and outstanding at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively		936			936
Additional paid-in capital		1,120,701			1,108,225
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit)		39,075			(20,560	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(516	)		(96	)
Total equity		1,160,196			1,088,505
Total liabilities and equity	$	1,534,046		$	1,450,618

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Loar Holdings Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net Income

(Unaudited, in thousands except per share amounts)


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025			2024			2025			2024
Net sales	$	126,751		$	103,519		$	364,533		$	292,378
Cost of sales		59,973			50,615			171,850			147,515
Gross profit		66,778			52,904			192,683			144,863
Selling, general and administrative expenses		35,758			30,186			105,758			80,362
Transaction expenses		1,846			1,444			4,290			2,549
Other (expense) income, net		(154	)		1,574			(154	)		4,441
Operating income		29,020			22,848			82,481			66,393
Interest expense, net		6,012			9,962			18,952			38,332
Refinancing costs		—			—			—			1,645
Income before income taxes		23,008			12,886			63,529			26,416
Income tax benefit (provision)		4,598			(4,230	)		(3,894	)		(7,870	)
Net income	$	27,606		$	8,656		$	59,635		$	18,546
Net income per common share:
Basic	$	0.29		$	0.10		$	0.64		$	0.21
Diluted	$	0.29		$	0.09		$	0.62		$	0.20
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic		93,622			89,704			93,588			88,722
Diluted		95,875			91,931			95,912			90,755

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Loar Holdings Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(Unaudited, in thousands)


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025			2024			2025			2024
Net income	$	27,606		$	8,656		$	59,635		$	18,546
Cumulative translation adjustments, net of tax		(21	)		(52	)		(420	)		152
Comprehensive income	$	27,585		$	8,604		$	59,215		$	18,698

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Loar Holdings Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity

(Unaudited, in thousands)


	Loar Holdings Inc. Stockholders' Equity
	Common Stock
	Shares		Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital		Retained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss			Total Equity
Balance, January 1, 2025		93,556	$	936	$	1,108,225	$	(20,560	)	$	(96	)	$	1,088,505
Net income		—		—		—		15,316			—			15,316
Stock-based compensation		—		—		3,089		—			—			3,089
Cumulative translation adjustments, net of tax		—		—		—		—			(256	)		(256	)
Balance, March 31, 2025		93,556		936		1,111,314		(5,244	)		(352	)		1,106,654
Net income		—		—		—		16,713			—			16,713
Stock-based compensation		—		—		3,650		—			—			3,650
Exercise of stock options		66		—		1,859		—			—			1,859
Cumulative translation adjustments, net of tax		—		—		—		—			(143	)		(143	)
Balance, June 30, 2025		93,622		936		1,116,823		11,469			(495	)		1,128,733
Net income		—		—		—		27,606			—			27,606
Stock-based compensation		—		—		3,878		—			—			3,878
Exercise of stock options		—		—		—		—			—			-
Cumulative translation adjustments, net of tax		—		—		—		—			(21	)		(21	)
Balance, September 30, 2025		93,622	$	936	$	1,120,701	$	39,075		$	(516	)	$	1,160,196

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Loar Holdings Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity

(Unaudited, in thousands)


	Loar Holdings, LLC and Subsidiaries (Prior to Corporate Conversion)			Loar Holdings Inc. Stockholders' Equity
				Common Stock
	Member's Equity			Shares		Amount		Additional Paid-in Capital			Accumulated Deficit			Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income			Total Equity
Balance, January 1, 2024	$	418,141			—	$	—	$	—		$	—		$	—		$	418,141
Net income		2,249			—		—		—			—			—			2,249
Stock-based compensation		87			—		—		—			—			—			87
Cumulative translation adjustments, net of tax		168			—		—		—			—			—			168
Balance, March 31, 2024		420,645			—		—		—			—			—			420,645
Stock-based compensation prior to Corporate Conversion		1,111			—		—		—			—			—			1,111
Reclassification of members equity upon Corporate Conversion		40,531			—		—		—			(40,542	)		11			—
Effect of the Corporate Conversion		(462,287	)		77,000		770		461,517			—			—			—
Issuance of common stock sold in initial public offering, net of offering costs		—			12,650		126		325,605			—			—			325,731
Issuance of common stock to Directors under the 2024 Equity Incentive Plan		—			54		1		1,349			—			—			1,350
Net income		—			—		—		—			7,641			—			7,641
Stock-based compensation		—			—		—		1,926			—			—			1,926
Cumulative translation adjustments, net of tax		—			—		—		—			—			36			36
Balance, June 30, 2024		—			89,704		897		790,397			(32,901	)		47			758,440
Common stock offering costs		—			—		—		(324	)		—			—			(324	)
Net income		—			—		—		—			8,656			—			8,656
Stock-based compensation		—			—		—		3,094			—			—			3,094
Cumulative translation adjustments, net of tax		—			—		—		—			—			(52	)		(52	)
Balance, September 30, 2024	$	—			89,704	$	897	$	793,167		$	(24,245	)	$	(5	)	$	769,814

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Loar Holdings Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited, in thousands)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025			2024
Operating Activities
Net income	$	59,635		$	18,546
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation		8,874			8,183
Amortization of intangibles and other long-term assets		29,060			22,249
Amortization of debt issuance costs		670			931
Recognition of inventory step-up		45			276
Stock-based compensation		10,617			7,568
Deferred income taxes		(2,753	)		(141	)
Non-cash lease expense		451			438
Refinancing costs		—			1,645
Adjustment to contingent consideration liability		—			(2,856	)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable		(13,276	)		(4,331	)
Inventories		(9,559	)		(13,694	)
Other assets		(7,399	)		(4,455	)
Accounts payable		4,430			2,825
Income taxes payable		204			109
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities		1,278			(1,513	)
Environmental liabilities		—			(1,145	)
Operating lease liabilities		(420	)		(392	)
Net cash provided by operating activities		81,857			34,243

Investing Activities
Capital expenditures		(7,493	)		(6,406	)
Proceeds from sale of fixed assets		—			322
Payments for acquisitions, net of cash acquired		(32,813	)		(383,222	)
Net cash used in investing activities		(40,306	)		(389,306	)

Financing Activities
Net proceeds from issuance of common stock		—			325,408
Proceeds from exercise of stock options		1,859			—
Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt		1,500			360,000
Payments of long-term debt		—			(287,881	)
Financing costs and other, net		—			(8,876	)
Payments of finance lease liabilities		(173	)		(137	)
Net cash provided by financing activities		3,186			388,514

Effect of translation adjustments on cash and cash equivalents		152			239
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents		44,889			33,690

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period		54,066			21,489
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	98,955		$	55,179

Supplemental information
Interest paid during the period, net of capitalized amounts	$	19,399		$	37,495
Income taxes paid during the period, net	$	7,676		$	7,925

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

Loar Holdings Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Organization

Prior to April 16, 2024, Loar Holdings Inc. (the Company) operated as a Delaware limited liability company under the name Loar Holdings, LLC. On April 16, 2024, the Company converted to a Delaware corporation and changed its name to Loar Holdings Inc. (the Corporate Conversion). In the Corporate Conversion, all of the equity interests of the Company outstanding as of the date thereof were converted into shares of common stock. Specifically, holders of Loar Holdings, LLC units received 377,450.980392157 shares of common stock of Loar Holdings Inc. for each unit of Loar Holdings, LLC. The purpose of the Corporate Conversion was to reorganize the Company’s structure in advance of the public offering of common stock so that the entity offering the common stock to the public in the offering was a corporation rather than a limited liability company, so that the existing investors and new investors in the offering would own the Company’s common stock rather than equity interests in a limited liability company.

The registration statement related to the Company’s initial public offering (IPO) was declared effective on April 24, 2024, and the
Company’s common stock began trading on the New York Stock Exchange on April 25, 2024. On April 29, 2024, the Company
completed its IPO for the sale of 12.6 million shares of common stock, $0.01 par value per share, at a public offering price of $28.00
per share. The Company received net proceeds from the IPO of approximately $325.4 million after deducting underwriting discounts, commissions, and other offering costs of $28.8 million.

On December 12, 2024, the Company completed a follow-on offering in which it issued 3,852,500 shares of common stock at a price of $85.00 per share (Follow-on Offering). The Company received net proceeds from the offering of approximately $311.6 million after deducting underwriting discounts, commissions, and other offering costs of $16.0 million.

In connection with a secondary offering of shares by existing shareholders in May 2025, the Company paid certain fees and expenses, totaling $0.9 million, which were included in transaction expenses in the Company's condensed consolidated statements of net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2025. The Company did not receive any proceeds from this offering.

2. Basis of Presentation

As used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, unless expressly stated otherwise or the context otherwise requires, the terms “Loar,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Loar Holdings Inc. and its subsidiaries, collectively.

Principles of Consolidation

The financial information included herein is unaudited; however, the information reflects all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements for the interim periods presented. These financial statements and notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes for the year ended December 31, 2024 included in Loar Holdings Inc.'s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed on March 31, 2025. As disclosed therein, the Company’s annual consolidated financial statements were prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (GAAP). Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been omitted pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The December 31, 2024 condensed consolidated balance sheet was derived from Loar Holdings Inc.’s audited financial statements for the year then-ended. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

Reclassifications

Reclassification has been made to the prior year's condensed consolidated statement of cash flows to conform with the current year's presentation. These reclassifications have resulted in no changes to the Company's condensed consolidated results of operations, financial position or operating or total cash flows.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires a public business entity to disclose specific categories in its annual effective tax rate reconciliation and provide disaggregated information about significant reconciling items by jurisdiction and by nature. The ASU also requires entities to disclose their income tax payments (net of refunds) to international, federal, and state and local jurisdictions. The standard makes several other changes to income tax disclosure requirements. This standard is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, and requires prospective application with the option to apply it retrospectively. The adoption of this guidance will not affect the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows, and the Company is currently evaluating the standard to determine its impact on the Company’s disclosures.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Sub Topic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses . The guidance requires disaggregated information about certain income statement costs and expenses for public entities. The ASU does not change the expense captions an entity presents on the face of the income statement; rather, it requires disaggregation of certain expense captions into specified categories within the notes to the financial statements. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new guidance on its consolidated financial statements.

3. Acquisition

Beadlight Ltd.

On July 28, 2025, the Company completed the acquisition of Beadlight Ltd. (Beadlight) for £24.6 million ($32.8 million). Beadlight designs, develops, and manufactures illumination solutions, air filtration systems, and human-machine interface products from its facility in Witney, England. The purchase price was paid by the Company with cash on hand.

The total purchase price was allocated to the underlying assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon the estimated fair values at the date of acquisition in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 805, Business Combinations. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired was allocated to goodwill. The goodwill recognized for the acquisition is not deductible for tax purposes.

The results of operations of Beadlight are included in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements for the period subsequent to the completion of the acquisition.

Pro forma net sales and income before income taxes for the acquisition, had it occurred as of January 1, 2024, are not material and, accordingly, are not provided.

Applied Avionics, Inc.

On August 26, 2024, the Company acquired 100% of the membership interests of Applied Avionics, LLC, a Delaware LLC (AAI), which was formerly known as Applied Avionics, Inc. from AAI Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (AAI Parent) for $383.5 million in cash. AAI Parent is owned by certain individual shareholders thereof, including certain members of AAI’s management team. Incorporated in 1968, AAI designs, develops, and manufactures highly engineered avionics interface solutions.

The total purchase price was allocated to the underlying assets acquired and liabilities assumed based upon the estimated fair values at the date of acquisition in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 805, Business Combinations. The following table summarizes the purchase price allocation of the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed at the transaction date (in thousands):


Assets acquired:
Current assets	$	7,169
Property, plant and equipment		6,996
Intangible assets		152,100
Goodwill		219,301
Deferred income taxes		2,026
Total assets acquired		387,592
Liabilities assumed:
Current liabilities		4,043
Total liabilities assumed		4,043
Net assets acquired	$	383,549

Inventory was recorded at its estimated fair value, which represented an amount equivalent to estimated selling price less fulfillment costs and a normative selling profit. The increase in fair value of inventory from the acquisition was approximately $1.1 million, which was recognized in cost of goods sold during the year ended December 31, 2024.

Goodwill is primarily attributable to the assembled workforce and expected synergies with other acquired companies, combined with the industry operating expertise of management. These are among the factors that contributed to a purchase price that resulted in the recognition of goodwill. Goodwill is deductible for tax purposes.

The results of operations of AAI are included in the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements for the period subsequent to the completion of the acquisition.

Pro forma financial information

Had the acquisition of AAI occurred as of January 1, 2023, net sales on a pro forma basis for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 would have been $109.7 million and $320.5 million, respectively. Additionally, income before income taxes on a pro forma basis would have been $7.0 million and $6.9 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively. The pro forma results are not necessarily indicative of the operating results that would have occurred had the acquisition been effective January 1, 2023, nor are they intended to be indicative of results that may occur in the future. The underlying pro forma information includes the historical financial results of the Company and the acquired business adjusted for certain items. The pro forma information for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 includes $1.6 million and $6.4 million, respectively, of amortization of acquired intangible assets resulting from the preliminary purchase price allocation. Interest expense has been adjusted as though the debt incurred to finance the AAI acquisition had been outstanding at January 1, 2023. The pro forma interest expense adjustment for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 was $6.2 million and $24.6 million, respectively. The pro forma information does not include the effects of any synergies, cost reduction initiatives or anticipated integration costs related to the acquisition.

4. Revenue Recognition

All revenue recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of net income is considered to be revenue from contracts with customers.

Revenue is recognized in an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for those goods or services when control of the promised good or service is transferred to the customer. Substantially all of the Company’s revenue from contracts with customers is recognized at a point in time, which is generally upon shipment of goods to the customer.

The Company sells specialty aerospace components based on a customer purchase order, which generally includes a fixed price per unit. The Company satisfies the single performance obligation generally upon shipment of the goods, as this is when contractual control transfers to the customer and recognizes revenue at that point in time. Total revenues do not include taxes, such as sales tax or value-added tax, which are assessed by governmental authorities and collected by the Company.

Products are covered by a standard assurance warranty, that generally is for a period of 25 days to two years depending on the customer, which promises that delivered products conform to contract specifications. The Company does not offer refunds or accept returns, unless related to a defect or warranty related matter. The Company does not sell extended warranties and does not provide warranties outside of fixing defects that existed at the time of sale. As such, warranties are accounted for under ASC 460, Guarantees and not as a separate performance obligation.

Customers generally have payment terms between 30 and 90 days from the satisfaction of the performance obligations. As a practical expedient, the Company does not adjust the amount of consideration for a financing component, as the period between the transfer of goods or services and the customer’s payment is, at contract inception, expected to be one year or less.

Net sales by end-market were as follows (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2025						2024
	OEM Net Sales		Aftermarket Net Sales		Total Net Sales		OEM Net Sales		Aftermarket Net Sales		Total Net Sales
Commercial Aerospace	$	20,659	$	38,169	$	58,828	$	15,824	$	29,058	$	44,882
Business Jet and General Aviation		19,859		12,738		32,597		19,911		10,121		30,032
Total Commercial		40,518		50,907		91,425		35,735		39,179		74,914
Defense		13,752		15,032		28,784		10,152		11,810		21,962
Non-Aerospace		3,315		3,227		6,542		2,976		3,667		6,643
Total	$	57,585	$	69,166	$	126,751	$	48,863	$	54,656	$	103,519


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025						2024
	OEM Net Sales		Aftermarket Net Sales		Total Net Sales		OEM Net Sales		Aftermarket Net Sales		Total Net Sales
Commercial Aerospace	$	56,163	$	105,408	$	161,571	$	46,316	$	81,101	$	127,417
Business Jet and General Aviation		57,177		36,440		93,617		53,556		29,253		82,809
Total Commercial		113,340		141,848		255,188		99,872		110,354		210,226
Defense		39,810		49,227		89,037		26,793		32,681		59,474
Non-Aerospace		8,836		11,472		20,308		10,727		11,951		22,678
Total	$	161,986	$	202,547	$	364,533	$	137,392	$	154,986	$	292,378

Contract Liabilities

Contract liabilities, or deferred revenue, represent payments received in advance of the satisfaction of performance under the contract. The Company receives payments from customers based on established terms. The Company's contract liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):


	September 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
Contract liabilities, current (1)	$	3,695	$	4,159
Contract liabilities, long-term		—		—
Total	$	3,695	$	4,159

(1) Included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company recognized approximately $0.1 million and $3.7 million, respectively, of revenue that was included in the contract liability balance at December 31, 2024. The Company had no material contract assets at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

5. Inventories

Inventories consisted of the following (in thousands):


	September 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
Raw materials	$	40,840	$	39,162
Work-in-process		38,711		29,797
Finished goods		25,920		23,680
Total	$	105,471	$	92,639

6. Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following (in thousands):


	September 30, 2025			December 31, 2024
Land	$	16,117		$	15,411
Buildings and improvements		37,793			35,504
Machinery, equipment, furniture and fixtures		93,465			86,297
Total		147,375			137,212
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization		(69,268	)		(60,607	)
Total	$	78,107		$	76,605

There were no sales of property, plant and equipment during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025.

7. Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following (in thousands):


	September 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
Compensation and related benefits	$	13,493	$	14,162
Contract liabilities		3,695		4,159
Other		11,460		8,580
Total	$	28,648	$	26,901

8. Long-Term Debt

The Company’s debt consisted of the following (in thousands):


	September 30, 2025			December 31, 2024
Credit agreement term loans	$	281,366		$	281,366
West Virginia Economic Development Authority notes		1,500			—
Total debt		282,866			281,366
Less: unamortized debt issuance costs		(3,509	)		(4,073	)
Total net debt		279,357			277,293
Less: current portion		—			—
Long-term debt, net	$	279,357		$	277,293

The Company’s long-term debt at September 30, 2025 consisted of borrowings under its Credit Agreement, dated as of October 2, 2017, as amended from time to time (Credit Agreement). The Credit Agreement is secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company.

Credit Agreement

On March 26, 2024, the Credit Agreement was amended to extend the termination date of the delayed draw term loan commitment by approximately nine months, extending it from April 1, 2024 to December 31, 2024.

On April 10, 2024, the Company amended the Credit Agreement to permit certain non-pro rata open market purchases of term loans pursuant to open market purchases. In addition, the Company also entered into that certain Master Open Market Purchase Agreement, by and between affiliates of lender and the Company (Master Open Market Purchase Agreement) to repurchase term loans on a non-pro rata basis subject to certain conditions as set forth therein.

On May 3, 2024, the Company used a portion of the net proceeds from its IPO to voluntarily repay $284.6 million aggregate principal amount of term loans under the Credit Agreement plus accrued interest of $0.3 million. The Company wrote off $0.8 million in unamortized debt issuance costs and expensed $0.8 million in refinancing costs associated with the amendment of the Credit Agreement.

On May 10, 2024, the Credit Agreement was amended to extend the maturity date to May 10, 2030 from April 2, 2026 and reduce the applicable margin by between 2.0 and 2.5 percentage points based on the Company’s leverage ratio. At the Company’s election, interest on loans will accrue at the SOFR rate plus the applicable margin of 4.75% or at the base rate plus the applicable margin of 3.75% as long as the Company maintains a leverage ratio of less than 5.5 to 1. The Company also increased the existing availability under its delayed draw term loan commitment to $100 million, which terminates if not drawn upon by May 10, 2026. In addition, the existing revolving line of credit under the Credit Agreement was replaced with a new revolving credit commitment of $50 million. The unused portion of the revolving line of credit carries a commitment fee of 0.375%. Loans outstanding under the revolving line of credit, if any, mature on May 10, 2029.

On August 26, 2024, the Credit Agreement was amended to make available to the Company an incremental term loan in an aggregate principal amount equal to $360 million for purposes of (i) paying a portion of the consideration payable by it pursuant to the terms of that certain purchase agreement (Purchase Agreement) pursuant to which the Company agreed to purchase from AAI Parent all the issued and outstanding equity interests of AAI, (ii) paying fees and expenses incurred in connection with the foregoing, and (iii) otherwise to fund working capital and general corporate purposes.

On December 17, 2024, the Company used the net proceeds from its Follow-on Offering and cash from operations to repay $330.0 million aggregate principal amount of term loans under its Credit Agreement plus accrued interest of $1.5 million. The Company wrote off $4.8 million in unamortized debt issuance costs.

On March 7, 2025, in connection with the pending acquisition of LMB Fans & Motors (LMB) which was expected to close in the third quarter of 2025, and is currently expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2025, the Company entered into the Commitment Letter (as amended and restated) pursuant to which Blackstone Credit has committed, subject to the satisfaction of customary conditions, to provide the Company with the Incremental Loan Facility in an amount equal to the U.S. dollar equivalent of €400.0 million. The loans under the Incremental Loan Facility will mature on the same date, will amortize, and will bear the same interest rate as the existing term loans outstanding under the Credit Agreement.

On August 1, 2025, the Credit Agreement was amended to reduce the applicable margin by 0.5%. At the Company's election, interest on loans will accrue at the SOFR rate plus the applicable margin of 4.25% or at the base rate plus the applicable margin of 3.25% as long as the Company maintains a leverage ratio of less than 5.5 to 1.

The Credit Agreement requires the maintenance of a quarterly leverage ratio. There are also certain non-financial covenants in place limiting us from, among other things, incurring other indebtedness, creating any liens on our properties, entering into merger or consolidation transactions, disposing of all or substantially all of our assets and payment of certain dividends and distributions. The Company was in compliance with all financial and non-financial covenants of the Credit Agreement as of September 30, 2025.

The Credit Agreement requires mandatory prepayments of the principal amount if there is excess cash flow, as defined, during a calendar year.

The Credit Agreement permits voluntary principal prepayments, in whole or in part, with no premium for any prepayments made. Any voluntary loan prepayments are applied to reduce future scheduled installments of principal in the order specified by the Company, or if the Company does not specify, the prepayment is applied to reduce the scheduled installments of principal in direct order of maturity. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company made voluntary prepayments of $614.6 million. The prepayments exceeded the quarterly mandatory principal payments for the remainder of the term loan. Accordingly, the next term loan principal payment is due on May 10, 2030. There were no voluntary prepayments made under the Credit Agreement during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025

At September 30, 2025, there was $281.4 million outstanding under the Credit Agreement, and there remained availability of $100.0 million in delayed draw term loan commitments and $50.0 million in revolving line of credit.

West Virginia Economic Development Authority Loan Agreement

On July 8, 2025, the Company, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, SMR Acquisition LLC, entered into an agreement with the West Virginia Economic Development Authority (WVEDA) for a $1.5 million performance-based forgivable note. This note was made under an aggregate commitment agreement of $5.5 million. The loan will be forgiven in whole or in part if the Company meets the performance requirements, which include capital investments and minimum employment levels during the three years ended July 8, 2028. Under the terms of the agreement, during the three years ended July 8, 2028, principal payments and interest are deferred. Achievement of the performance requirements will result in any principal and interest amounts being fully forgiven. If the performance requirements are not achieved, on July 8, 2028 the note will convert to a term loan which is payable ratably over a term of twenty-four months and bears interest at the July 8, 2028 prime rate plus 2%. If the performance objectives are partially achieved, a portion of the note which is equivalent to the achieved percentage will be forgiven, and the remainder will be converted to a term loan payable under the terms described above.

9. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company’s financial instruments consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, finance leases and debt. The carrying amounts of all financial instruments reported on the condensed consolidated balance sheets at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 are considered to approximate fair value either due to the relatively short period of time between the origination of these financial instruments and their expected realization, or the interest rates associated with the debt obligations approximate current market rates.

10. Commitments and Contingencies

There are various lawsuits and claims pending against the Company incidental to its business. Although the final results in such suits and proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty, in the opinion of management, the ultimate liability, if any, will not have a material impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Pending Acquisition

On March 7, 2025, following completion of the works council consultation process required under French Law, the Company entered into a purchase agreement to acquire 100% of the shares of LMB for €365 million (the Base Purchase Price) plus the assumption of net debt. Net debt is payable in cash at closing. Following execution of the purchase agreement, the Company has entered into agreements to extend the long stop date to December 31, 2025 and to increase the Base Purchase Price to €370 million. LMB is a global specialty player in the design and production of customized high-performance fans and motors. The transaction is expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2025 shortly after receiving requisite regulatory approvals and is subject to customary closing conditions.

The acquisition will be financed through additional borrowings under the Company's existing Credit Agreement and cash on hand. In connection with the acquisition, we entered into an incremental term facility commitment letter with Blackstone Credit (the Commitment Letter (as amended and restated)), pursuant to which Blackstone Credit has committed, subject to the satisfaction of customary conditions, to provide us with an incremental term loan facility in an amount equal to the U.S. dollar equivalent of €400.0 million (the Incremental Loan Facility). The loans under the Incremental Loan Facility will mature on the same date, will amortize, and will bear the same interest rate as the existing term loans outstanding under the Credit Agreement.

11. Net Income per Common Share

Net income per common share was computed as follows (in thousands, except net income per share amounts):


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025		2024		2025		2024
Net income	$	27,606	$	8,656	$	59,635	$	18,546
Denominator for basic and diluted earnings per common share:
Weighted-average common shares outstanding - basic		93,622		89,704		93,588		88,722
Effect of dilutive common shares		2,253		2,227		2,324		2,033
Weighted average common shares outstanding—diluted		95,875		91,931		95,912		90,755
Net income per common shares—basic	$	0.29	$	0.10	$	0.64	$	0.21
Net income per common shares—diluted	$	0.29	$	0.09	$	0.62	$	0.20

12. Income Taxes

At the end of each quarter, the Company makes an estimate of its annual effective income tax rate. The estimate used in the year-to-date period may change in subsequent periods.

On July 4, 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act ("OBBBA") was signed into law. The OBBBA makes permanent key elements of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, including 100% bonus depreciation, domestic research cost expensing, and the business interest expense limitation. ASC 740, Income Taxes, requires the effects of changes in tax rates and laws on deferred tax balances to be recognized in the period in which the legislation is enacted. The changes to the business interest expense limitation allow the Company to utilize its interest expense carryover, resulting in a release of the valuation allowance currently recorded. Consequently, as of the date of

enactment, and during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, the Company recognized a discrete tax benefit of $11.4 million from the release of its valuation allowance, partially offset by indirect tax effects of $1.4 million.

During the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the effective income tax rates were (20.0)% and 32.8%, respectively. The 2025 effective tax rate decreased when compared to 2024, primarily due to the impact from enactment of the OBBBA during the three months ended September 30, 2025.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, the effective income tax rates were 6.1% and 29.8%, respectively. The decrease in the effective tax rate was primarily due to the impact from enactment of the OBBBA.

The Company's effective income tax rate for the nine-month period ended September 30, 2025 was lower than the federal statutory tax rate of 21% primarily due to enactment of the OBBBA.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

You should read the following discussion in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements including the related notes thereto, included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains both historical information and, “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act), and 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. All statements other than statements of historical fact included that address activities, events or developments that we expect, believe or anticipate will or may occur in the future are forward-looking statements, including, in particular, the statements about our plans, objectives, strategies and prospects regarding, among other things, our financial condition, results of operations and business. We have identified some of these forward-looking statements with words like “believe,” “may,” “will,” “should,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “predict,” “anticipate,” “estimate” or “continue” and other words and terms of similar meaning. These forward-looking statements may be contained throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. These forward-looking statements are based on current expectations about future events affecting us and are subject to uncertainties and factors relating to, among other things, our operations and business environment, all of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control. Many factors mentioned in our discussion in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including the risks outlined under “Risk Factors,” will be important in determining future results. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable, we do not know whether our expectations will prove correct. They can be affected by inaccurate assumptions we might make or by known or unknown risks and uncertainties, including those described under “Risk Factors” in Part II, Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” of the Annual Report on Form 10-K. Since our actual results, performance or achievements could differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, these forward-looking statements, we cannot give any assurance that any of the events anticipated by these forward-looking statements will occur or, if any of them does occur, what impact they will have on our business, results of operations and financial condition. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date they are made. We do not undertake any obligation to update these forward-looking statements, or the risk factors contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, to reflect new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under federal securities laws.

Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q include but are not limited to: the almost exclusive focus of our business on the aerospace and defense industry; our reliance on certain customers; failure to complete or successfully integrate acquisitions; the sensitivity of our business to the number of flight hours that our customers’ planes spend aloft and our customers’ profitability, both of which are affected by general economic conditions; future geopolitical or other worldwide events; cyber-security threats and natural disasters; the U.S. defense budget and risks associated with being a government supplier including government audits and investigations; failure to maintain government or industry approvals; tariffs on certain imports to the United States and other potential changes to U.S. tariff and import/export regulations; our indebtedness; potential environmental liabilities; liabilities arising in connection with litigation; increases in raw material costs, taxes and labor costs that cannot be recovered in product pricing; risks and costs associated with our international sales and operations; and other factors. Refer to Part II, Item 1A included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and to Part I, Item 1A of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information regarding the foregoing factors that may affect our business.

Overview

We specialize in the design, manufacture, and sale of niche aerospace and defense components that are essential for today’s aircraft and aerospace and defense systems. We focus on mission-critical, highly engineered solutions with high intellectual property content. Furthermore, our products have significant aftermarket exposure, which has historically generated predictable and recurring revenue.

The products we manufacture cover a diverse range of applications supporting nearly every major aircraft platform in use today and include auto throttles, lap-belt airbags, two- and three-point seat belts, water purification systems, fire barriers, polyimide washers and bushings, latches, hold-open and tie rods, temperature and fluid sensors and switches, carbon and metallic brake discs, fluid and pneumatic-based ice protection, RAM air components, sealing solutions and motion and actuation devices, customized edge-lighted panels and knobs and annunciators for incandescent and LED illuminated pushbutton switches, among others.

We primarily serve three core end-markets: commercial, business jet and general aviation, and defense, which have long historical track records of consistent growth. We also serve a diversified customer base within these end-markets where we maintain long-standing customer relationships. We believe that the demanding, extensive and costly qualification process for new entrants, coupled with our history of consistently delivering exceptional solutions for our customers, has provided us with leading market positions and created significant barriers to entry for potential competitors. By utilizing differentiated design, engineering, and manufacturing capabilities, along with a highly targeted acquisition strategy, we have sought to create long-term, sustainable value with a consistent, global business model.

As a specialized supplier in the aerospace and defense component industry, we believe we are well positioned to deliver innovative, mission-critical solutions to a wide array of aerospace and defense customers. Our key competitive strengths support our ability to offer differentiated solutions to our customers. We have a portfolio of mission-critical, niche aerospace and defense components that we believe hold leading market positions. We have intellectual property-driven proprietary products and expertise in an industry with high barriers to entry. We are strategically focused on higher-margin aftermarket content. We have highly diversified revenue streams, and our diversification stretches across end-markets, customers, platforms, and product category or application. We have an established business model with a lean, entrepreneurial structure. We have a disciplined and strategic approach to acquisitions with a history of successful integration. We have a track record of strong growth, margins and cash flow generation.

Recent Developments

On March 7, 2025, following completion of the works council consultation process required under French Law, we entered into a purchase agreement to acquire 100% of the shares of LMB for €365 million (the Base Purchase Price) plus the assumption of net debt. Net debt is payable in cash at closing. Following execution of the purchase agreement, the Company has entered into agreements to extend the long stop date to December 31, 2025 and to increase the Base Purchase Price to €370 million. LMB is a global specialty player in the design and production of customized high-performance fans and motors. The transaction is expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2025 shortly after receiving requisite regulatory approvals and is subject to customary closing conditions.

The acquisition will be financed through additional borrowings under our existing Credit Agreement and cash on hand. In connection with the acquisition, we entered into the Commitment Letter (as amended and restated), pursuant to which Blackstone Credit has committed, subject to the satisfaction of customary conditions, to provide us with an Incremental Loan Facility in an amount equal to the U.S. dollar equivalent of €400.0 million. The loans under the Incremental Loan Facility will mature on the same date, will amortize, and will bear the same interest rate as the existing term loans outstanding under the Credit Agreement. Blackstone Credit is a lender under the Credit Agreement and owns approximately 8% of our common stock.

Outlook

As we look to 2026, we anticipate net sales growth to be driven by organic growth, in particular the conversion of high levels of backlog of our existing products, and the impact from strategic acquisitions. Backlog primarily consists of firm orders for products that have not yet shipped. Continued inflationary pressures and supply chain disruptions may lead to higher material and labor costs although these pressures and disruptions have not had a material effect on our year-to-date results of operations or capital resources, and we do not expect them to materially affect our outlook or business goals. So far in 2025, we have continued and plan to continue our commitment to develop new products and services, further market penetration, and pursue an aggressive acquisition strategy while seeking to maintain our financial strength and flexibility.

Results of Operations

The following table sets forth, for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, certain operating data of the Company, including presentation of the amounts as a percentage of net sales (in thousands unless otherwise indicated):


	Three Months Ended September 30,												Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025						2024						2025						2024
	Dollars			% of Net Sales			Dollars			% of Net Sales			Dollars			% of Net Sales			Dollars			% of Net Sales
Sales	$	126,751			100.0	%	$	103,519			100.0	%	$	364,533			100.0	%	$	292,378			100.0	%
Cost of sales		59,973			47.3	%		50,615			48.9	%		171,850			47.1	%		147,515			50.4	%
Gross profit		66,778			52.7	%		52,904			51.1	%		192,683			52.9	%		144,863			49.6	%
Selling, general and administrative expenses		35,758			28.2	%		30,186			29.2	%		105,758			29.0	%		80,362			27.5	%
Transaction expenses		1,846			1.5	%		1,444			1.4	%		4,290			1.2	%		2,549			0.9	%
Other (expense) income, net		(154	)		(0.1	)%		1,574			1.5	%		(154	)		(0.1	)%		4,441			1.5	%
Operating income		29,020			22.9	%		22,848			22.0	%		82,481			22.6	%		66,393			22.7	%
Interest expense, net		6,012			4.7	%		9,962			9.6	%		18,952			5.2	%		38,332			13.1	%
Refinancing costs		—			—	%		—			—	%		—			—	%		1,645			0.6	%
Income before income taxes		23,008			18.2	%		12,886			12.4	%		63,529			17.4	%		26,416			9.0	%
Income tax benefit (provision)		4,598			3.6	%		(4,230	)		(4.0	)%		(3,894	)		(1.1	)%		(7,870	)		(2.7	)%
Net income		27,606			21.8	%		8,656			8.4	%		59,635			16.3	%		18,546			6.3	%
Cumulative translation adjustments, net of tax		(21	)		—	%		(52	)		(0.1	)%		(420	)		(0.1	)%		152			0.1	%
Comprehensive income	$	27,585			21.8	%	$	8,604			8.3	%	$	59,215			16.2	%	$	18,698			6.4	%
Other Data:
EBITDA(1)	$	41,809					$	33,568					$	120,415					$	96,825
Adjusted EBITDA(1)		49,109						38,096						139,360						106,158
Net income margin					21.8	%					8.4	%					16.3	%					6.3	%
Adjusted EBITDA Margin(1)					38.7	%					36.8	%					38.2	%					36.3	%

(1)

Refer to “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” in this management’s discussion and analysis for additional information and limitations regarding these non-GAAP financial measures, including a reconciliation to the comparable GAAP financial measure.

Financial and Operational Highlights

Three months ended September 30, 2025 compared with three months ended September 30, 2024

Net Sales

Net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2025 increased $23.2 million, or 22.4%, to $126.8 million as compared to $103.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, as discussed below.

Net organic sales represent net sales from our existing businesses for comparable periods and exclude net sales from acquisitions. We include net sales from new acquisitions in net organic sales from the 13th-month after the acquisition on a comparative basis with the prior year-period. Net acquisition sales for the three months ended September 30, 2025 represent net sales from acquisitions that were completed in 2024 and 2025 for which there are no comparable net sales during the prior year. We believe this measure provides an understanding of underlying sales trends as it provides net sales comparisons on a consistent basis. We do not believe our net sales are subject to significant seasonal variations. See Note 3, Acquisition of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on the Company’s acquisition activities.

Net Organic Sales

Net organic sales for the three months ended September 30, 2025 increased $11.5 million or 11.1%, to $115.0 million as compared to $103.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The increase in net organic sales was primarily related to increases in aftermarket total commercial sales ($6.0 million, an increase of 15.4%), OEM total commercial sales ($3.0 million, an increase of 8.3%), and defense sales ($2.7 million, an increase of 12.2%), partially offset by a decline in non-aerospace sales ($0.2 million, a decrease of 2.4%). The increase in aftermarket total commercial sales was primarily due to increases in global commercial air travel demand. The increase in OEM total commercial sales was driven by increases in demand to support aircraft production for general

aviation, wide-body and narrow-body aircraft. The increase in defense sales was primarily driven by increased market share due to new product launches and an increased demand for defense products globally.

Net Acquisition Sales

Net acquisition sales of $11.7 million for the three months ended September 30, 2025 is made up of AAI and Beadlight which were acquired on August 26, 2024 and July 28, 2025, respectively. This represents 11.3% of the increase in total net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2024.

Gross Profit and Cost of Sales

Cost of sales for the three months ended September 30, 2025 increased $9.4 million, or 18.5%, to $60.0 million compared to $50.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024 as a result of the increase in sales. Cost of sales and the related percentage of net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows (in thousands except for percentages):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2025			2024			Change			% Change
Cost of sales - excluding costs below	$	57,732		$	48,486		$	9,246			19.1	%
% of net sales		45.6	%		46.8	%
Amortization of intangible and other long-term assets		1,254			810			444			54.8	%
% of net sales		1.0	%		0.8	%
Acquisition and facility integration costs		942			1,043			(101	)		(9.7	)%
% of net sales		0.7	%		1.0	%
Recognition of inventory step-up		45			276			(231	)		(83.7	)%
% of net sales		—	%		0.3	%
Total cost of sales	$	59,973		$	50,615		$	9,358			18.5	%
% of net sales		47.3	%		48.9	%
Gross profit (Net sales less Total cost of sales)	$	66,778		$	52,904		$	13,874			26.2	%
Gross profit percentage (Gross profit / Net sales)		52.7	%		51.1	%

Cost of sales for the three months ended September 30, 2025 decreased 1.6% as a percentage of net sales to 47.3% from 48.9% in the comparable period last year. This decrease is primarily attributable to our operating leverage, execution of strategic value drivers, favorable sales mix, lower acquisition and facility integration and inventory step-up amortization costs, partially offset by higher amortization expense for intangible and other long-term assets.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $5.6 million to $35.8 million, or 28.2% as a percentage of net sales, for the three months ended September 30, 2025 from $30.2 million, or 29.2% as a percentage of net sales, for the three months ended September 30, 2024. Selling, general and administrative expenses and the related percentage of net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows (amounts in thousands except for percentages):


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2025			2024			Change		% Change
Selling, general and administrative expenses - excluding costs below	$	19,893		$	17,609		$	2,284		13.0	%
% of net sales		15.7	%		17.0	%
Amortization of intangible and other long-term assets		8,609			7,135			1,474		20.7	%
% of net sales		6.8	%		6.9	%
Stock-based compensation expense		3,878			3,094			784		25.3	%
% of net sales		3.1	%		3.0	%
Acquisition and facility integration costs		435			245			190		77.6	%
% of net sales		0.3	%		0.3	%
Research and development expenses		2,943			2,103			840		39.9	%
% of net sales		2.3	%		2.0	%
Total selling, general and administrative expenses	$	35,758		$	30,186		$	5,572		18.5	%
% of net sales		28.2	%		29.2	%

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by 1.0% as a percentage of net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2025 when compared to the same period in 2024. This was principally due to the leveraging of fixed costs, partially offset by higher research and development expense.

Transaction Expenses

Transaction expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 were $1.8 million and $1.4 million, respectively. Transaction costs can fluctuate depending on the size and number of acquisitions in each year.

Operating Income

Operating income for the three months ended September 30, 2025, was $29.0 million, or 22.9% as a percentage of net sales, compared to $22.8 million, or 22.0% as a percentage of net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The increase in operating income is due to the factors discussed above.

Interest Expense

Interest expense for the three months ended September 30, 2025 decreased $4.0 million, or 39.7%, to $6.0 million compared to $10.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024. This decrease was attributable to lower average outstanding debt and lower interest rates.

Income Tax Benefit (Provision)

The income tax benefit for the three months ended September 30, 2025 was $4.6 million compared to an income tax provision $4.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease in income taxes was primarily driven by the tax impact from enactment of the OBBBA during the current year period, partially offset by taxes from the increase in the Company's earnings in 2025 compared to 2024.

Net Income

Net income for the three months ended September 30, 2025 was $27.6 million, or 21.8% as a percentage of net sales, compared to net income for the three months ended September 30, 2024 of $8.7 million, or 8.4% as a percentage of net sales. The improvement in results is primarily due to the factors discussed above.

Nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared with nine months ended September 30, 2024

Net Sales

Net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 increased $72.2 million, or 24.7%, to $364.5 million as compared to $292.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024, as discussed below.

Net organic sales represent net sales from our existing businesses for comparable periods and exclude net sales from acquisitions. We include net sales from new acquisitions in net organic sales from the 13th-month after the acquisition on a comparative basis with the prior year-period. Net acquisition sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 represent net sales from acquisitions that were completed in 2024 and 2025 for which there are no comparable net sales during the prior year. We believe this measure provides an understanding of underlying sales trends as it provides net sales comparisons on a consistent basis. We do not believe our net sales are subject to significant seasonal variations. See Note 3, Acquisition and Note 10, Commitments and Contingencies of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on the Company’s acquisition activities.

Net Organic Sales

Net organic sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 increased $32.7 million, or 11.2%, to $325.1 million as compared to $292.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The increase in net organic sales was primarily related to increases in aftermarket total commercial sales ($14.8 million, an increase of 13.4%), defense sales ($10.3 million, an increase of 17.3%), and OEM total commercial sales ($10.0 million, an increase of 10.0%), partially offset by a decline in non-aerospace sales ($2.4 million, a decrease of 10.7%). The increase in aftermarket total commercial sales was primarily due to increases in global commercial air travel demand. The increase in defense sales was primarily driven by increased market share due to new product launches and an increased demand for defense products globally. The increase in OEM total commercial sales was driven by increases in demand to support aircraft production for general aviation, wide-body and narrow-body aircraft. as an improving supply chain has allowed us to deliver parts that were previously held because our customers were experiencing bottlenecks in other areas of their supply chains.

Net Acquisition Sales

Net acquisition sales of $39.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 is made up of AAI and Beadlight which were acquired on August 26, 2024 and July 28, 2025, respectively. This represents 13.5% of the increase in total net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

Gross Profit and Cost of Sales

Cost of sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 increased $24.3 million, or 16.5%, to $171.9 million compared to $147.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 as a result of the increase in sales. Cost of sales and the related percentage of net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows (in thousands except for percentages):


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025			2024			Change			% Change
Cost of sales - excluding costs below	$	165,801		$	142,740		$	23,061			16.2	%
% of net sales		45.5	%		48.8	%
Amortization of intangible and other long-term assets		3,593			2,296			1,297			56.5	%
% of net sales		1.0	%		0.8	%
Acquisition and facility integration costs		2,411			2,203			208			9.4	%
% of net sales		0.6	%		0.7	%
Recognition of inventory step-up		45			276			(231	)		(83.7	)%
% of net sales		—	%		0.1	%
Total cost of sales	$	171,850		$	147,515		$	24,335			16.5	%
% of net sales		47.1	%		50.4	%
Gross profit (Net sales less Total cost of sales)	$	192,683		$	144,863		$	47,820			33.0	%
Gross profit percentage (Gross profit / Net sales)		52.9	%		49.6	%

Cost of sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 decreased 3.3% as a percentage of net sales to 47.1% from 50.4% in the comparable period last year. This decrease is primarily attributable to our operating leverage, execution of strategic value drivers, and favorable sales mix, partially offset by higher amortization expense for intangible and other long-term assets.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $25.4 million to $105.8 million, or 29.0% as a percentage of net sales, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 from $80.4 million, or 27.5% as a percentage of net sales, for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Selling, general and administrative expenses and the related percentage of net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 were as follows (amounts in thousands except for percentages):


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025			2024			Change		% Change
Selling, general and administrative expenses - excluding costs below	$	58,782		$	44,935		$	13,847		30.8	%
% of net sales		16.1	%		15.4	%
Amortization of intangible and other long-term assets		25,467			19,953			5,514		27.6	%
% of net sales		7.0	%		6.8	%
Stock-based compensation expense		10,617			7,568			3,049		40.3	%
% of net sales		2.9	%		2.6	%
Acquisition and facility integration costs		1,428			1,178			250		21.2	%
% of net sales		0.4	%		0.4	%
Research and development expenses		9,464			6,728			2,736		40.7	%
% of net sales		2.6	%		2.3	%
Total selling, general and administrative expenses	$	105,758		$	80,362		$	25,396
% of net sales		29.0	%		27.5	%

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by 1.5% as a percentage of net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 when compared to the same period in 2024. This was due to additional costs associated with being a public company, including

SOX compliance and additional organizational costs, stock-based compensation expense, research and development expenses, and amortization of intangible and other long-term assets.

Transaction Expenses

Transaction expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 were $4.3 million and $2.5 million, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, approximately $0.9 million of costs related to the secondary offering without proceeds to the Company were included in transaction expenses. Transaction costs can fluctuate depending on the size and number of acquisitions in each year.

Operating Income

Operating income for the nine months ended September 30, 2025, was $82.5 million, or 22.6% as a percentage of net sales, compared to $66.4 million, or 22.7% as a percentage of net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The increase in operating income is due to the factors discussed above.

Interest Expense

Interest expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 decreased $19.4 million, or 50.6%, to $19.0 million compared to $38.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. This decrease was attributable to lower average outstanding debt and lower interest rates.

Income Tax Benefit (Provision)

The income tax provision for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $3.9 million compared to $7.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. The decrease in income taxes was primarily driven by the tax impact from enactment of the OBBBA during the current year period, partially offset by taxes from the increase in the Company's earnings in 2025 compared to 2024.

Net Income

Net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 was $59.6 million, or 16.3% as a percentage of net sales, compared to net income for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 of $18.5 million, or 6.3% as a percentage of net sales. The improvement in results is primarily due to the factors discussed above.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The following table summarizes our capitalization as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 (in thousands, unless otherwise indicated):


	September 30, 2025			December 31, 2024
Cash and cash equivalents	$	98,955		$	54,066
Debt:
Credit Agreement debt (including current portion)		281,366			281,366
West Virgina Economic Development note, non-current		1,500			—
		282,866			281,366
Less: unamortized debt issuance costs		(3,509	)		(4,073	)
Finance lease liabilities (including current portion)		3,228			3,402
Total debt		282,585			280,695
Stockholders' equity		1,160,196			1,088,505
Total capitalization (debt plus equity)		1,442,781			1,369,200
Total debt to total capitalization		20	%		21	%

Our principal historical liquidity requirements have been for acquisitions, capital expenditures, servicing indebtedness and working capital needs. We fund our investing activities primarily from cash provided by our operating and financing activities. As of September 30, 2025, we had availability of $100 million of a delayed draw term loan commitment and a $50 million revolving line of credit. Based on our current outlook, we believe that net cash provided by operating activities and available borrowings under our Credit Agreement will be sufficient to fund our cash requirements for at least the next twelve months. As we continue to expand our business, including through acquisitions we may make, we may in the future require additional working capital for increased costs. See “Credit Agreement” (below) for additional detail regarding our financing activities.

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 was $81.9 million and $34.2 million, respectively. The $47.7 million increase was primarily driven by an increase in net income of $41.1 million and the increase in non-cash operating items of approximately $8.7 million, partially offset by an increase in working capital.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 of $40.3 million and $389.3 million, respectively, was primarily due to the $32.8 million acquisition of Beadlight in July 2025 and the $383.5 million acquisition of AAI in August 2024, respectively.

Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2025 of $3.2 million was principally related to proceeds from stock option exercises of $1.9 million and the WVEDA loan of $1.5 million. Net cash provided by financing activities in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 of $388.5 million was principally related to proceeds from the August 2024 borrowing of the $360.0 million incremental term loan for the acquisition of AAI and the Company's IPO of $325.4 million, partially offset by payments on our Credit Agreement of $287.9 million.

Credit Agreement

The Company’s long-term debt consists primarily of borrowings under its Credit Agreement.

On April 10, 2024, the Credit Agreement was amended to permit certain non-pro rata open market purchases of term loans pursuant to open market purchases. In addition, we also entered into that certain Master Open Market Purchase Agreement, by and between affiliates of lender and the Company (Master Open Market Purchase Agreement) to repurchase term loans on a non-pro rata basis subject to certain conditions as set forth therein.

On May 3, 2024, a portion of the net proceeds from the IPO was used to repay $284.6 million aggregate principal amount of
term loans under the Credit Agreement plus accrued interest of $0.3 million. We wrote-off $0.8 million in unamortized debt issuance costs and expensed $0.8 million in refinancing costs associated with the amendment of the Credit Agreement during the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

On May 10, 2024, the Credit Agreement was amended to extend the maturity date to May 10, 2030 from April 2, 2026 and reduce the applicable margin by between 2.0 and 2.5 percentage points based on the Company’s leverage ratio. At our election, interest on loans will accrue at the SOFR rate plus the applicable margin of 4.75% or at the base rate plus the applicable margin of 3.75% as long as the leverage ratio of less than 5.5 to 1 is maintained. Also, the existing availability under the delayed draw term loan commitment was increased to $100 million, which terminates if not drawn upon by May 10, 2026. In addition, the existing revolving line of credit under the Credit Agreement was replaced with a new revolving credit commitment of $50 million. The unused portion of the revolving line of credit carries a commitment fee of 0.375%. Loans outstanding under the revolving line of credit, if any, mature on May 10, 2029. Debt issuance costs associated with the amendment of approximately $0.9 million were capitalized during the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

On August 26, 2024, the Credit Agreement was amended to make available an incremental term loan in an aggregate principal amount equal to $360 million for purposes of (i) paying a portion of the consideration payable by it pursuant to the terms of that certain purchase agreement (the "Purchase Agreement") pursuant to which the Company agreed to purchase from AAI Parent all the issued and outstanding equity interests of AAI, (ii) paying fees and expenses incurred in connection with the foregoing, and (iii) otherwise to fund working capital and general corporate purposes.

On December 17, 2024, the net proceeds from the Follow-on Offering and cash from operations were used to repay $330.0 million aggregate principal amount of term loans under the Credit Agreement plus accrued interest of $1.5 million. Unamortized debt issuance costs $4.8 million were written off as a result.

On March 7, 2025, in connection with the pending LMB acquisition which was expected to close in the third quarter of 2025, we entered into the Commitment Letter (as amended and restated). See above under “—Recent Developments.”

On August 1, 2025, the Credit Agreement was amended to reduce the applicable margin by 0.5%. At our election, interest on loans will accrue at the SOFR rate plus the applicable margin of 4.25% or at the base rate plus the applicable margin of 3.25% as long as the Company maintains a leverage ratio of less than 5.5 to 1.

Other Obligations and Commitments

We have future obligations under various contracts relating to debt and interest payments, finance and operating leases and our post-retirement benefit plan. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, there were no material changes to these obligations, other than the additional borrowing we expect to incur for the pending LMB acquisition discussed under “—Recent Developments”. For a description of our other obligations and commitments, see our December 31, 2024 consolidated financial statements reported in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed on March 31, 2025.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of September 30, 2025, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in Regulation S-K, that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.

Critical Accounting Estimates

Our condensed consolidated unaudited financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP for interim financial statements and include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. Often, management’s judgment is needed in the selection and application of certain accounting policies and methods. However, investors are cautioned that the sensitivity of financial statements to these methods, assumptions and estimates could create materially different results under different conditions or using different assumptions.

A complete and comprehensive discussion of our most critical accounting policies that require management to make judgments about matters that are inherently uncertain was included in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations– Critical Accounting Estimates disclosed in Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 which was filed on March 31, 2025. Refer to Note 2, Basis of Presentation, of the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements included herein for updates to disclosures of accounting standards recently adopted or required to be adopted in the future.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We present below certain financial information based on our EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, and Adjusted EBITDA Margin. References to “EBITDA” mean earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, references to “Adjusted EBITDA” mean EBITDA plus, as applicable for each relevant period, certain adjustments as set forth in the reconciliations of net income to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA, and references to “Adjusted EBITDA Margin” refer to Adjusted EBITDA divided by net sales. EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, and Adjusted EBITDA Margin are not measurements of financial performance under U.S. GAAP. We present EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, and Adjusted EBITDA Margin because we believe they are useful indicators for evaluating operating performance. In addition, our management uses Adjusted EBITDA to review and assess the performance of the management team in connection with employee incentive programs and to prepare its annual budget and financial projections. Moreover, our management uses Adjusted EBITDA of target companies to evaluate acquisitions.

Although we use EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, and Adjusted EBITDA Margin as measures to assess the performance of our business and for the other purposes set forth above, the use of non-GAAP financial measures as analytical tools has limitations, and you should not consider any of them in isolation, or as a substitute for analysis of our results of operations as reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Some of these limitations are:

•

EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, and Adjusted EBITDA Margin do not reflect the significant interest expense, or the cash requirements, necessary to service interest payments on our indebtedness;

•

although depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the assets being depreciated and amortized will often have to be replaced in the future, and the cash requirements for such replacements are not reflected in EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, and Adjusted EBITDA Margin;

•

EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, and Adjusted EBITDA Margin exclude the cash expense we have incurred to integrate acquired businesses into our operations, which is a necessary element of certain of our acquisitions;

•

the omission of the substantial amortization expense associated with our intangible assets further limits the usefulness of EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, and Adjusted EBITDA Margin; and

•

EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, and Adjusted EBITDA Margin do not include the payment of taxes, which is a necessary element of our operations.

Because of these limitations, EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, and Adjusted EBITDA Margin should not be considered as measures of cash available to us to invest in the growth of our business. Management compensates for these limitations by not viewing EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, and Adjusted EBITDA Margin in isolation and specifically by using other U.S. GAAP measures, such as net sales

and operating profit, to measure our operating performance. EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, and Adjusted EBITDA Margin are not measurements of financial performance under U.S. GAAP, and they should not be considered as alternatives to net income or cash flow from operations determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Our calculations of EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, and Adjusted EBITDA Margin may not be comparable to the calculations of similarly titled measures reported by other companies.

The following table sets forth a reconciliation of net income to EBITDA, Adjusted EBITDA, and Adjusted EBITDA Margin for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 (in thousands unless otherwise indicated):


	Three Months Ended September 30,						Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2025			2024			2025			2024
Net income	$	27,606		$	8,656		$	59,635		$	18,546
Adjustments:
Interest expense, net		6,012			9,962			18,952			38,332
Refinancing costs		—			—			—			1,645
Income tax (benefit) provision		(4,598	)		4,230			3,894			7,870
Operating income		29,020			22,848			82,481			66,393
Depreciation		2,926			2,775			8,874			8,183
Amortization		9,863			7,945			29,060			22,249
EBITDA		41,809			33,568			120,415			96,825
Adjustments:
Recognition of inventory step-ups (1)		45			276			45			276
Other expense (income), net (2)		154			(1,574	)		154			(4,441	)
Transaction expenses (3)		1,846			1,444			4,290			2,549
Stock-based compensation (4)		3,878			3,094			10,617			7,568
Acquisition and facility integration costs (5)		1,377			1,288			3,839			3,381
Adjusted EBITDA	$	49,109		$	38,096		$	139,360		$	106,158
Net sales	$	126,751		$	103,519		$	364,533		$	292,378
Net income margin		21.8	%		8.4	%		16.3	%		6.3	%
Adjusted EBITDA Margin		38.7	%		36.8	%		38.2	%		36.3	%

(1)

Represents accounting adjustments to inventory associated with acquisitions of businesses that were charged to cost of sales when inventory was sold.

(2)

Represents a $2.9 million reduction in the estimated contingent purchase price for the CAV acquisition and $1.7 million of proceeds from the settlement
of buyer-side representations and warranties insurance covering the acquisition of DAC during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and $1.7
million of proceeds from the settlement of buyer-side representations and warranties insurance covering the acquisition of DAC during the three months ended September 30, 2024 .

(3)

Represents third party transaction-related costs for acquisitions comprising deal fees, legal, financial and tax due diligence expenses, and valuation costs that are required to be expensed as incurred. During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, approximately $0.9 million of costs related to the secondary stock offering from which we did not receive any proceeds were also included in transaction expenses.

(4)

Represents the non-cash compensation expense recognized by the Company for equity awards.

(5)

Represents costs incurred to integrate acquired businesses and product lines into our operations, facility relocation costs and other acquisition-related costs.

JOBS Act Election

We are currently an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the JOBS Act. Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. We have elected to use this extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies until the earlier of the date we (i) are no longer an emerging growth company or (ii) affirmatively and irrevocably opt out of the extended transition period provided in the JOBS Act. As a result, our financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with new or revised accounting pronouncements as of public company effective dates.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

The Company's market risks are described more fully within Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk in Part II, Item 7A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed on March 31, 2025. These market risks have not materially changed for the nine months ended September 30, 2025.


Delaware	82-2665180
( State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
20 New King Street White Plains, New York	10604
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)


Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☐
Emerging growth company	☒


		Page

PART I.	FINANCIAL INFORMATION	3

Item 1.	Financial Statements (Unaudited)	3
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024	3
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Net Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024	6
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024	8
	Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	9
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	17
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	26
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	27

PART II.	OTHER INFORMATION	28

Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	28
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	28
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	28
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	28
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	28
Item 5.	Other Information	28
Item 6.	Exhibits	29

SIGNATURES		30


Exhibit Number		Description
3.1		Certificate of Incorporation of Loar Holdings Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on April 17, 2024).
3.2		By laws of Loar Holdings Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company's Amendment No. 1 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed on April 17, 2024).
10.1		Amended and Restated Commitment Letter, dated July 29, 2025, by Loar Group Inc. with Blackstone Alternative Credit Advisors LP (on behalf of the funds, accounts and clients managed, advised or sub-advised by it or its affiliates) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2025, filed on August 13, 2025).
10.2		Seventeenth Amendment to Credit Agreement, dated as of August 1, 2025, by and among Loar Group Inc., Loar Holdings Inc., the other guarantors party thereto from time to time, the lenders party thereto from time to time, First Eagle Alternative Credit, LLC, as administrative agent for the lenders and as collateral agent for the secured parties, and Citibank, N.A., as the revolving administrative agent. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 2025, filed on August 13, 2025).
10.3*		Amended and Restated Commitment Letter, dated August 29, 2025, by Loar Group Inc. with Blackstone Alternative Credit Advisors LP (on behalf of the funds, accounts and clients managed, advised, or sub-advised by it or its affiliates).
10.4*		Agreement n°2 to Securities Purchase Agreement, dated August 29, 2025 with Ace Aèro Partenaires, Ace Aero Partenaires, and AAP Side-Car LMB Fund.
10.5*		Amended and Restated Commitment Letter, dated October 28, 2025, by Loar Group Inc. with Blackstone Alternative Credit Advisors LP (on behalf of the funds, accounts and clients managed, advised, or sub-advised by it or its affiliates).
10.6*		Agreement n°4 to Securities Purchase Agreement, dated November 10, 2025 with Ace Aèro Partenaires, Ace Aero Partenaires, and AAP Side-Car LMB Fund.
10.7*		Amended and Restated Commitment Letter, dated November 10, 2025, by Loar Group Inc. with Blackstone Alternative Credit Advisors LP (on behalf of the funds, accounts and clients managed, advised, or sub-advised by it or its affiliates).
31.1*		Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2*		Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1*		Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2*		Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS		Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema With Embedded Linkbase Documents.
104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document).


	Loar Holdings Inc.

Date: November 12, 2025	By:	/s/ Glenn D'Alessandro
		Glenn D’Alessandro
		Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer
		(principal financial and accounting officer)


☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934


☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Financial and Operational Highlights

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Other Obligations and Commitments

Critical Accounting Estimates

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

JOBS Act Election

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Item 5. Other Information